Yamada’s Textbook of Gastroenterology

Sixth Edition

Edited by Daniel K. Podolsky,
Michael Camilleri, J. Gregory Fitz,
Anthony N. Kalloo, Fergus Shanahan, Timothy C. Wang

References

Acute pancreatitis

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55. LerchMM, AghdassiAA. The role of bile acids in gallstone‐induced pancreatitis. Gastroenterology2010;138:429. CrossRef

56. HalangkW, LerchMM, Brandt‐NedelevB, et al.Role of cathepsin B in intracellular trypsinogen activation and the onset of acute pancreatitis. J Clin Invest2000;106:773. CrossRef

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58. WhitcombDC, GorryMC, PrestonRA, et al.Hereditary pancreatitis is caused by a mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. Nat Genet1996;14:141. CrossRef

59. AubertB, BonaM, BoutignyD, et al.Observation of tree‐level B decays with ss production from gluon radiation. Phys Rev Lett2008;100:171803. CrossRef

60. SharerN, SchwarzM, MaloneG, et al.Mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene in patients with chronic pancreatitis. N Engl J Med1998;339:645. CrossRef

61. RosendahlJ, LandtO, BernadovaJ, et al.CFTR, SPINK1, CTRC and PRSS1 variants in chronic pancreatitis: is the role of mutated CFTR overestimated?Gut2013;62:582. CrossRef

62. RinderknechtH. Fatal pancreatitis, a consequence of excessive leukocyte stimulation?Int J Pancreatol1988;3:105.

63. LeserHG, GrossV, ScheibenbogenC, et al.Elevation of serum interleukin‐6 concentration precedes acute‐phase response and reflects severity in acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology1991;101:782.

64. ZhangH, NeuhoferP, SongL, et al.IL‐6 trans‐signaling promotes pancreatitis‐associated lung injury and lethality. J Clin Invest2013;123:1019. CrossRef

65. BedrosianAS, NguyenAH, HackmanM, et al.Dendritic cells promote pancreatic viability in mice with acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology2011;141:1915. CrossRef

66. TiemessenMM, JaggerAL, EvansHG, et al.CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells induce alternative activation of human monocytes/macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2007;104:19446. CrossRef

67. ShalbuevaN, MareninovaOA, GerloffA, et al.Effects of oxidative alcohol metabolism on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and necrosis in a mouse model of alcoholic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology2013;144:437. CrossRef

68. BoyaP, ReggioriF, CodognoP. Emerging regulation and functions of autophagy. Nat Cell Biol2013;15:713. CrossRef

69. HelinH, MeroM, MarkkulaH, et al.Pancreatic acinar ultrastructure in human acute pancreatitis. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol1980;387:259. CrossRef

70. HashimotoD, OhmurayaM, HirotaM, et al.Involvement of autophagy in trypsinogen activation within the pancreatic acinar cells. J Cell Biol2008;181:1065. CrossRef

71. GorelickFS, ModlinIM, LeachSD, et al.Intracellular proteolysis of pancreatic zymogens. Yale J Biol Med1992;65:407, discussion 37.

72. LerchMM, SalujaAK, RunziM, et al.Pancreatic duct obstruction triggers acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the opossum. Gastroenterology1993;104:853.

73. ArchibaldE. The experimental production of pancreatitis in animals as a result of the resistance of the common duct sphincter. Surg Gynecol Obstet1919;28:529.

74. PeridesG, LaukkarinenJM, VassilevaG, et al.Biliary acute pancreatitis in mice is mediated by the G‐protein‐coupled cell surface bile acid receptor Gpbar1. Gastroenterology2010;138:715. CrossRef

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76. YadavD, LowenfelsAB. The epidemiology of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology2013;144:1252. CrossRef

77. PhillipV, RaschS, GaaJ, et al.Spontaneous bleeding in pancreatitis treated by transcatheter arterial coil embolization: a retrospective study. PLoS ONE2013;8:e72903. CrossRef

78. FrankB, GottliebK. Amylase normal, lipase elevated: is it pancreatitis? A case series and review of the literature. Am J Gastroenterol1999;94:463.

79. ChaseCW, BarkerDE, RussellWL, et al.Serum amylase and lipase in the evaluation of acute abdominal pain. Am Surg1996;62:1028.

80. GumasteVV, RoditisN, MehtaD, et al.Serum lipase levels in nonpancreatic abdominal pain versus acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol1993;88:2051.

81. DholakiaK, PitchumoniCS, AgarwalN. How often are liver function tests normal in acute biliary pancreatitis?J Clin Gastroenterol2004;38:81. CrossRef

82. FinstadTA, TchelepiH, RallsPW. Sonography of acute pancreatitis: prevalence of findings and pictorial essay. Ultrasound Q2005;21:95, quiz 50, 53.

83. ChakA, HawesRH, CooperGS, et al.Prospective assessment of the utility of EUS in the evaluation of gallstone pancreatitis. Gastrointest Endosc1999;49:599. CrossRef

84. NeoptolemosJP, HallAW, FinlayDF, et al.The urgent diagnosis of gallstones in acute pancreatitis: a prospective study of three methods. Br J Surg1984;71:230. CrossRef

85. GoodmanAJ, NeoptolemosJP, Carr‐LockeDL, et al.Detection of gall stones after acute pancreatitis. Gut1985;26:125. CrossRef

86. ThoeniRF. The revised Atlanta classification of acute pancreatitis: its importance for the radiologist and its effect on treatment. Radiology2012;262:751. CrossRef

87. LenhartDK, BalthazarEJ. MDCT of acute mild (nonnecrotizing) pancreatitis: abdominal complications and fate of fluid collections. AJR Am J Roentgenol2008;190:643. CrossRef

88. LiuCL, LoCM, ChanJK, et al.Detection of choledocholithiasis by EUS in acute pancreatitis: a prospective evaluation in 100 consecutive patients. Gastrointest Endosc2001;54:325. CrossRef

89. VermaD, KapadiaA, EisenGM, et al.EUS vs MRCP for detection of choledocholithiasis. Gastrointest Endosc2006;64:248. CrossRef

90. HuberW, UmgelterA, SchusterT, et al.The Pancreatitis Outcome Prediction (POP) score: how about hematocrit and leukopenia?Crit Care Med2007;35:2670, author reply 1. CrossRef

91. DellingerEP, ForsmarkCE, LayerP, et al.Determinant‐based classification of acute pancreatitis severity: an international multidisciplinary consultation. Ann Surg2012;256:875. CrossRef

92. Munoz‐BongrandN, PanisY, SoyerP, et al.Serial computed tomography is rarely necessary in patients with acute pancreatitis: a prospective study in 102 patients. J Am Coll Surg2001;193:146. CrossRef

93. RansonJH, RifkindKM, RosesDF, et al.Prognostic signs and the role of operative management in acute pancreatitis. Surg Gynecol Obstet1974;139:69.

94. KnausWA, DraperEA, WagnerDP, et al.APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med1985;13:818. CrossRef

95. LankischPG, WarneckeB, BrunsD, et al.The APACHE II score is unreliable to diagnose necrotizing pancreatitis on admission to hospital. Pancreas2002;24:217. CrossRef

96. BalthazarEJ. Complications of acute pancreatitis: clinical and CT evaluation. Radiol Clin North Am2002;40:1211. CrossRef

97. DervenisC, JohnsonCD, BassiC, et al.Diagnosis, objective assessment of severity, and management of acute pancreatitis. Santorini consensus conference. Int J Pancreatol1999;25:195.

98. YadavD, AgarwalN, PitchumoniCS. A critical evaluation of laboratory tests in acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol2002;97:1309. CrossRef

99. BrownA, OravJ, BanksPA. Hemoconcentration is an early marker for organ failure and necrotizing pancreatitis. Pancreas2000;20:367. CrossRef

100. LankischPG, MahlkeR, BlumT, et al.Hemoconcentration: an early marker of severe and/or necrotizing pancreatitis? A critical appraisal. Am J Gastroenterol2001;96:2081. CrossRef

101. WuBU, JohannesRS, SunX, et al.The early prediction of mortality in acute pancreatitis: a large population‐based study. Gut2008;57:1698. CrossRef

102. PhillipV, HuberW, HagemesF, et al.Incidence of acute pancreatitis does not increase during Oktoberfest, but is higher than previously described in Germany. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol2011;9:995. CrossRef

103. Abou‐AssiS, CraigK, O′KeefeSJ. Hypocaloric jejunal feeding is better than total parenteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis: results of a randomized comparative study. Am J Gastroenterol2002;97:2255. CrossRef

104. RauB, SteinbachG, KrugerCM, et al.Clinical value of lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein (LBP) determinations in acute pancreatitis. Langenbecks Arch Surg2003;388:181. CrossRef

105. WuBU, JohannesRS, ConwellDL, et al.Early hemoconcentration predicts increased mortality only among transferred patients with acute pancreatitis. Pancreatology2009;9:639. CrossRef

106. HarrisonDA, SingerM. The Pancreatitis Outcome Prediction (POP) score: How about hematocrit and leukopenia?Crit Care Med2007;35:2671. CrossRef

107. GardnerTB, VegeSS, PearsonRK, et al.Fluid resuscitation in acute pancreatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol2008;6:1070. CrossRef

108. MaoEQ, TangYQ, FeiJ, et al.Fluid therapy for severe acute pancreatitis in acute response stage. Chin Med J2009;122:169.

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110. PreismanS, KoganS, BerkenstadtH, et al.Predicting fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: functional haemodynamic parameters including the Respiratory Systolic Variation Test and static preload indicators. Br J Anaesth2005;95:746. CrossRef

111. HuberW, UmgelterA, ReindlW, et al.Volume assessment in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis: a comparison of intrathoracic blood volume index, central venous pressure, and hematocrit, and their correlation to cardiac index and extravascular lung water index. Crit Care Med2008;36:2348. CrossRef

112. TrepteCJ, BachmannKA, StorkJH, et al.The impact of early goal‐directed fluid management on survival in an experimental model of severe acute pancreatitis. Intensive Care Med2013;39:717. CrossRef

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117. WuBU, HwangJQ, GardnerTH, et al.Lactated Ringer's solution reduces systemic inflammation compared with saline in patients with acute pancreatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol2011;9:710. CrossRef

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124. EatockFC, ChongP, MenezesN, et al.A randomized study of early nasogastric versus nasojejunal feeding in severe acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol2005;100:432. CrossRef

125. HoKM, DobbGJ, WebbSA. A comparison of early gastric and post‐pyloric feeding in critically ill patients: a meta‐analysis. Intensive Care Med2006;32:639. CrossRef

126. BakkerOJ, van BrunschotS, van SantvoortHC, et al.Early versus on‐demand nasoenteric tube feeding in acute pancreatitis. N Engl J Med2014;371:1983. CrossRef

127. ForsmarkCE, BaillieJ. AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology2007;132:2022. CrossRef

128. KahlS, ZimmermannS, ProssM, et al.Procaine hydrochloride fails to relieve pain in patients with acute pancreatitis. Digestion2004;69:5. CrossRef

129. ThompsonDR. Narcotic analgesic effects on the sphincter of Oddi: a review of the data and therapeutic implications in treating pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol2001;96:1266. CrossRef

130. BernhardtA, KortgenA, NieselH, et al.Using epidural anesthesia in patients with acute pancreatitis – prospective study of 121 patients. Anaesthesiol Reanim2002;27:16.

131. DemiragA, PastorCM, MorelP, et al.Epidural anaesthesia restores pancreatic microcirculation and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol2006;12:915.

132. RichardsER, KabirSI, McNaughtCE, et al.Effect of thoracic epidural anaesthesia on splanchnic blood flow. Br J Surg2013;100:316. CrossRef

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134. TleyjehIM, Bin AbdulhakAA, RiazM, et al.Association between proton pump inhibitor therapy and clostridium difficile infection: a contemporary systematic review and meta‐analysis. PLoS ONE2012;7:e50836. CrossRef

135. SetaT, NoguchiY, ShimadaT, et al.Treatment of acute pancreatitis with protease inhibitors: a meta‐analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol2004;16:1287. CrossRef

136. SiriwardenaAK, MasonJM, BalachandraS, et al.Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of intravenous antioxidant (n‐acetylcysteine, selenium, vitamin C) therapy in severe acute pancreatitis. Gut2007;56:1439. CrossRef

137. DingX, ChenM, HuangS, et al.Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis: a meta‐analysis. Gastrointest Endosc2012;76:1152. CrossRef

138. KumarA, RobertsD, WoodKE, et al.Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med2006;34:1589. CrossRef

139. BlumT, MaisonneuveP, LowenfelsAB, et al.Fatal outcome in acute pancreatitis: its occurrence and early prediction. Pancreatology2001;1:237. CrossRef

140. AmmoriBJ. Role of the gut in the course of severe acute pancreatitis. Pancreas2003;26:122. CrossRef

141. BanksPA, FreemanML, Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of G. Practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol2006;101:2379. CrossRef

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148. ForsmarkCE, BaillieJ, PracticeAGAIC, et al.AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology2007;132:2022. CrossRef

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