Yamada’s Textbook of Gastroenterology

Sixth Edition

Edited by Daniel K. Podolsky,
Michael Camilleri, J. Gregory Fitz,
Anthony N. Kalloo, Fergus Shanahan, Timothy C. Wang

References

Esophagus: anatomy and structural anomalies

1. ReubenA. A tree grows in the liver, and now we can see it. Hepatology2005;41:1201. CrossRef

2. BaillieJ. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: overdue for an overhaul. Am J Gastroenterol2005;100:1217. CrossRef

3. KallooAN, PasrichaPJ. Therapy of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am1996;6:117.

4. JaneckiAJ, KallooAN. Physiology of the gallbladder and biliary tree. In: DiMarinoAJ, BenjaminSB(eds). Gastrointestinal Disease: An Endoscopic Approach, 2nd edn. Philadelphia: Slack Incorporated, 2002: 1081.

5. BoydenEA. The anatomy of the choledochoduodenal junction in man. Surg Gynecol Obstet1957;104:641.

6. TeilumD. In vitro measurement of the length of the sphincter of Oddi. Endoscopy1991;23:114. CrossRef

7. CsendesA, KruseA, Funch‐JensenP, et al.Pressure measurements in the biliary and pancreatic duct systems in controls and in patients with gallstones, previous cholecystectomy, or common bile duct stones. Gastroenterology1979;77:1203.

8. Carr‐LockeDL, GreggJA. Endoscopic manometry of pancreatic and biliary sphincter zones in man. Basal results in healthy volunteers. Dig Dis Sci1981;26:7. CrossRef

9. TorsoliA, CorazziariE, HabibFI, et al.Frequencies and cyclical pattern of the human sphincter of Oddi phasic activity. Gut1986;27:363. CrossRef

10. ToouliJ, BushellM, StevensonG, et al.Gallbladder emptying in man related to fasting duodenal migrating motor contractions. Aust N Z J Surg1986;56:147. CrossRef

11. MochinagaN, SarnaSK, CondonRE, et al.Gastroduodenal regulation of common duct bile flow in the dog. Gastroenterology1988;94:755.

12. KallooAN, PasrichaPJ. Effect of gastric distension and duodenal fat infusion on biliary sphincter of Oddi motility in healthy volunteers. Dig Dis Sci1995;40:745. CrossRef

13. HoganWJ, GeenenJE. Biliary dyskinesia. Endoscopy1988;20(Suppl 1):179. CrossRef

14. CorazziariE, ShafferEA, HoganWJ, et al.Functional disorders of the biliary tract and pancreas. Gut1999;45(Suppl 2):II48. CrossRef

15. EversmanD, FogelEL, RuscheM, et al.Frequency of abnormal pancreatic and biliary sphincter manometry compared with clinical suspicion of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc1999;50:637. CrossRef

16. GeenenJE, HoganWJ, DoddsWJ, et al.The efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy after cholecystectomy in patients with sphincter‐of‐Oddi dysfunction. N Engl J Med1989;320:82. CrossRef

17. BeharJ, CorazziariE, GuelrudM, et al.Functional gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi disorders. Gastroenterology2006;130:1498. CrossRef

18. SteinbergWM. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: a clinical controversy. Gastroenterology1988;95:1409.

19. BlackNA, ThompsonE, SandersonCF. Symptoms and health status before and six weeks after open cholecystectomy: a European cohort study. ECHSS Group. European Collaborative Health Services Study Group. Gut1994;35:1301. CrossRef

20. SgourosSN, PereiraSP. Systematic review: sphincter of Oddi dysfunction – non‐invasive diagnostic methods and long‐term outcome after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther2006;24:237. CrossRef

21. PiccinniG, AngrisanoA, TestiniM, et al.Diagnosing and treating Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: a critical literature review and reevaluation. J Clin Gastroenterol2004;38:350. CrossRef

22. MaldonadoME, BradyPG, MamelJJ, et al.Incidence of pancreatitis in patients undergoing sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM). Am J Gastroenterol1999;94:387. CrossRef

23. ShermanS, TroianoFP, HawesRH, et al.Sphincter of Oddi manometry: decreased risk of clinical pancreatitis with use of a modified aspirating catheter. Gastrointest Endosc1990;36:462. CrossRef

24. MaduraJA, McCammonRL, ParisJM, et al.The Nardi test and biliary manometry in the diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary sphincter dysfunction. Surgery1981;90:588.

25. ToouliJ, BushellM, IannosJ, et al.Peroperative sphincter of Oddi manometry: motility disorder in patients with cholelithiasis. Aust N Z J Surg1986;56:625. CrossRef

26. SteinbergWM, SalvatoRF, ToskesPP. The morphine‐prostigmin provocative test – is it useful for making clinical decisions?Gastroenterology1980;78:728.

27. PereiraSP, GillamsA, SgourosSN, et al.Prospective comparison of secretin‐stimulated magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography with manometry in the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction types II and III. Gut2007;56:809. CrossRef

28. MatosC, CappeliezO, WinantC, et al.MR imaging of the pancreas: a pictorial tour. Radiographics2002;22:e2. CrossRef

29. SimeoneJF, MuellerPR, FerrucciJTJr, et al.Sonography of the bile ducts after a fatty meal: an aid in detection of obstruction. Radiology1982;143:211. CrossRef

30. WarshawAL, SimeoneJ, SchapiroRH, et al.Objective evaluation of ampullary stenosis with ultrasonography and pancreatic stimulation. Am J Surg1985;149:65. CrossRef

31. DarweeshRM, DoddsWJ, HoganWJ, et al.Efficacy of quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy and fatty‐meal sonography for evaluating patients with suspected partial common duct obstruction. Gastroenterology1988;94:779.

32. CavalliniG, RigoL, BovoP, et al.Abnormal US response of main pancreatic duct after secretin stimulation in patients with acute pancreatitis of different etiology. J Clin Gastroenterol1994;18:298. CrossRef

33. Di FrancescoV, BrunoriMP, RigoL, et al.Comparison of ultrasound‐secretin test and sphincter of Oddi manometry in patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci1999;44:336. CrossRef

34. CatalanoMF, LahotiS, AlcocerE, et al.Dynamic imaging of the pancreas using real‐time endoscopic ultrasonography with secretin stimulation. Gastrointest Endosc1998;48:580. CrossRef

35. MatosC, MetensT, DeviereJ, et al.Pancreatic duct: morphologic and functional evaluation with dynamic MR pancreatography after secretin stimulation. Radiology1997;203:435. CrossRef

36. NicaiseN, PelletO, MetensT, et al.Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: interest of IV secretin administration in the evaluation of pancreatic ducts. Eur Radiol1998;8:16. CrossRef

37. KoikeS, ItoK, HonjoK, et al.Oddi sphincter and common channel: evaluation with pharmacodynamic MR cholangiopancreatography using fatty meal and secretin stimulation. Radiat Med2000;18:115.

38. MarianiA, CurioniS, ZanelloA, et al.Secretin MRCP and endoscopic pancreatic manometry in the evaluation of sphincter of Oddi function: a comparative pilot study in patients with idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis. Gastrointest Endosc2003;58:847. CrossRef

39. KallooAN, SostreS, PasrichaPJ. The Hopkins scintigraphic score: a non‐invasive, highly accurate screening test for SOD. Gastroenterology1994;106:A342.

40. CorazziariE, CicalaM, HabibFI, et al.Hepatoduodenal bile transit in cholecystectomized subjects. Relationship with sphincter of Oddi function and diagnostic value. Dig Dis Sci1994;39:1985. CrossRef

41. EsberE, RuffoloT, ParkH, et al.Prospective assessment of biliary scintigraphy compared to sphincter of Oddi manometry in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc1995;41:A396.

42. MadacsyL, MiddelfartHV, MatzenP, et al.Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy and endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: assessment of flow‐pressure relationship in the biliary tract. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol2000;12:777. CrossRef

43. ThomasPD, TurnerJG, DobbsBR, et al.Use of (99m)Tc‐DISIDA biliary scanning with morphine provocation for the detection of elevated sphincter of Oddi basal pressure. Gut2000;46:838. CrossRef

44. ShermanS, LehmanGA. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: diagnosis and treatment. JOP2001;2:382.

45. JagannathS, KallooAN. Efficacy of biliary scintigraphy in suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Curr Gastroenterol Rep2001;3:160. CrossRef

46. RosenblattML, CatalanoMF, AlcocerE, et al.Comparison of sphincter of Oddi manometry, fatty meal sonography, and hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc2001;54:697. CrossRef

47. CicalaM, HabibFI, VavassoriP, et al.Outcome of endoscopic sphincterotomy in post cholecystectomy patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction as predicted by manometry and quantitative choledochoscintigraphy. Gut2002;50:665. CrossRef

48. CraigAG, PeterD, SacconeGT, et al.Scintigraphy versus manometry in patients with suspected biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gut2003;52:352. CrossRef

49. SostreS, KallooAN, SpieglerEJ, et al.A noninvasive test of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in postcholecystectomy patients: the scintigraphic score. J Nucl Med1992;33:1216.

50. ShermanS, GottliebK, UzerMF, et al.Effects of meperidine on the pancreatic and biliary sphincter. Gastrointest Endosc1996;44:239. CrossRef

51. GoffJS. Effect of propofol on human sphincter of Oddi. Dig Dis Sci1995;40:2364. CrossRef

52. TuranM, BagcivanI, GursoyS, et al.In vitro effects of intravenous anesthetics on the sphincter of Oddi strips of sheep. Pancreatology2005;5:215. CrossRef

53. BlautU, ShermanS, FogelE, et al.Influence of cholangiography on biliary sphincter of Oddi manometric parameters. Gastrointest Endosc2000;52:624. CrossRef

54. RolnyP, ArlebackA, Funch‐JensenP, et al.Clinical significance of manometric assessment of both pancreatic duct and bile duct sphincter in the same patient. Scand J Gastroenterol1989;24:751. CrossRef

55. RaddawiHM, GeenenJE, HoganWJ, et al.Pressure measurements from biliary and pancreatic segments of sphincter of Oddi. Comparison between patients with functional abdominal pain, biliary, or pancreatic disease. Dig Dis Sci1991;36:71. CrossRef

56. SilvermanWB, RuffoloTA, ShermanS, et al.Correlation of basal sphincter pressures measured from the bile duct and the pancreatic duct in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc1992;38:440. CrossRef

57. ChanYK, EvansPR, DowsettJF, et al.Discordance of pressure recordings from biliary and pancreatic duct segments in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Dig Dis Sci1997;42:1501. CrossRef

58. AymerichRR, PrakashC, AlipertiG. Sphincter of Oddi manometry: is it necessary to measure both biliary and pancreatic sphincter pressures?Gastrointest Endosc2000;52:183. CrossRef

59. SmithlineA, HawesR, LehmanG. Sphincter of Oddi manometry: interobserver variability. Gastrointest Endosc1993;39:486. CrossRef

60. ThuneA, ScicchitanoJ, Roberts‐ThomsonI, et al.Reproducibility of endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry. Dig Dis Sci1991;36:1401. CrossRef

61. ToouliJ, Roberts‐ThomsonIC, KellowJ, et al.Manometry based randomised trial of endoscopic sphincterotomy for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gut2000;46:98. CrossRef

62. KallooAN, TietjenTG, PasrichaPJ. Does intrabiliary pressure predict basal sphincter of Oddi pressure? A study in patients with and without gallbladders. Gastrointest Endosc1996;44:696. CrossRef

63. GuelrudM, MendozaS, RossiterG, et al.Sphincter of Oddi manometry in healthy volunteers. Dig Dis Sci1990;35:38. CrossRef

64. GuelrudM, MendozaS, RossiterG, et al.Effect of nifedipine on sphincter of Oddi motor activity: studies in healthy volunteers and patients with biliary dyskinesia. Gastroenterology1988;95:1050.

65. SandJ, ArvolaP, NordbackI. Calcium channel antagonists and inhibition of human sphincter of Oddi contractions. Scand J Gastroenterol2005;40:1394. CrossRef

66. KhurooMS, ZargarSA, YattooGN. Efficacy of nifedipine therapy in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: a prospective, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, cross over trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol1992;33:477. CrossRef

67. CraigAG, TottrupA, ToouliJ, et al.Relative effects of dihydropyridine L‐type calcium channel antagonism on biliary, duodenal, and vascular tissues: an in vivo and in vitro analysis in Australian brush‐tailed possum. Dig Dis Sci2002;47:2029. CrossRef

68. CraigAG, ToouliJ. Slow release nifedipine for patients with sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia: results of a pilot study. Intern Med J2002;32:119. CrossRef

69. BrandstatterG, SchinzelS, WurzerH. Influence of spasmolytic analgesics on motility of sphincter of Oddi. Dig Dis Sci1996;41:1814. CrossRef

70. Bar‐MeirS, HalpernZ, BardanE. Nitrate therapy in a patient with papillary dysfunction. Am J Gastroenterol1983;78:94.

71. LeeSK, KimMH, KimHJ, et al.Electroacupuncture may relax the sphincter of Oddi in humans. Gastrointest Endosc2001;53:211. CrossRef

72. Funch‐JensenP, KruseA. Manometric activity of the pancreatic duct sphincter in patients with total bile duct sphincterotomy for sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia. Scand J Gastroenterol1987;22:1067. CrossRef

73. UgljesicM, BulajicM, MilosavljevicT, et al.Endoscopic manometry of the sphincter of Oddi in sphincterotomized patients. Hepatogastroenterology1995;42:348.

74. MoodyFG, BeckerJM, PottsJR. Transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septectomy for postcholecystectomy pain. Ann Surg1983;197:627. CrossRef

75. NardiGL, MichelassiF, ZanniniP. Transduodenal sphincteroplasty. 5–25 year follow‐up of 89 patients. Ann Surg1983;198:453. CrossRef

76. AndersonTM, PittHA, LongmireWPJr. Experience with sphincteroplasty and sphincterotomy in pancreatobiliary surgery. Ann Surg1985;201:399. CrossRef

77. StephensRV, BurdickGE. Microscopic transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septoplasty for papillary stenosis. Am J Surg1986;152:621. CrossRef

78. HastbackaJ, JarvinenH, KivilaaksoE, et al.Results of sphincteroplasty in patients with spastic sphincter of Oddi. Predictive value of operative biliary manometry and provocation tests. Scand J Gastroenterol1986;21:516. CrossRef

79. NussbaumMS, WarnerBW, SaxHC, et al.Transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septotomy for primary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Am J Surg1989;157:38. CrossRef

80. MoodyFG, VecchioR, CalabuigR, et al.Transduodenal sphincteroplasty with transampullary septectomy for stenosing papillitis. Am J Surg1991;161:213. CrossRef

81. ShermanS, HawesRH, MaduraJA, et al.Comparison of intraoperative and endoscopic manometry of the sphincter of Oddi. Surg Gynecol Obstet1992;175:410.

82. ToouliJ, Di FrancescoV, SacconeG, et al.Division of the sphincter of Oddi for treatment of dysfunction associated with recurrent pancreatitis. Br J Surg1996;83:1205. CrossRef

83. ChenJW, SacconeGT, ToouliJ. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and acute pancreatitis. Gut1998;43:305. CrossRef

84. ThatcherBS, SivakMVJr, TedescoFJ, et al.Endoscopic sphincterotomy for suspected dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi. Gastrointest Endosc1987;33:91. CrossRef

85. BoenderJ, van BlankensteinM, NixGA, et al.Endoscopic papillotomy in biliary tract pain and fluctuating cholestasis with common bile duct dilatation and small gallbladder stones. Endoscopy1992;24:203. CrossRef

86. SugawaC, BrownKL, MatsubaraT, et al.The role of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy for the treatment of type I biliary dysfunction (papillary stenosis) with or without biliary stones. Am J Surg2014;207:65. CrossRef

87. RolnyP, GeenenJE, HoganWJ. Post‐cholecystectomy patients with “objective signs” of partial bile outflow obstruction: clinical characteristics, sphincter of Oddi manometry findings, and results of therapy. Gastrointest Endosc1993;39:778. CrossRef

88. GreggJA, Carr‐LockeDL. Endoscopic pancreatic and biliary manometry in pancreatic, biliary, and papillary disease, and after endoscopic sphincterotomy and surgical sphincteroplasty. Gut1984;25:1247. CrossRef

89. ShermanS, TroianoFP, HawesRH, et al.Frequency of abnormal sphincter of Oddi manometry compared with the clinical suspicion of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Am J Gastroenterol1991;86:586.

90. MeshkinpourH, MollotM. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and unexplained abdominal pain: clinical and manometric study. Dig Dis Sci1992;37:257. CrossRef

91. ShermanS, LehmanGA, JamidarP, et al.Efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy and surgical sphincteroplasty for patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD): a randomized, controlled study. Gastrointest Endosc1994;40:A125. CrossRef

92. BotomanVA, KozarekRA, NovellLA, et al.Long‐term outcome after endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with biliary colic and suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc1994;40:165. CrossRef

93. WehrmannT, WiemerK, LembckeB, et al.Do patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction benefit from endoscopic sphincterotomy? A 5‐year prospective trial. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol1996;8:251. CrossRef

94. ViceconteG, MichelettiA. Endoscopic manometry of the sphincter of Oddi: its usefulness for the diagnosis and treatment of benign papillary stenosis. Scand J Gastroenterol1995;30:797. CrossRef

95. LinOS, SoetiknoRM, YoungHS. The utility of liver function test abnormalities concomitant with biliary symptoms in predicting a favorable response to endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with presumed sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Am J Gastroenterol1998;93:1833. CrossRef

96. BrandB, WieseL, ThonkeF, et al.Outcome of endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with pain of suspected biliary or papillary origin and inconclusive cholangiography findings. Endoscopy2001;33:405. CrossRef

97. PetersenBT. An evidence‐based review of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: part I, presentations with “objective” biliary findings (types I and II). Gastrointest Endosc2004;59:525. CrossRef

98. PetersenBT. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, part 2: evidence‐based review of the presentations, with “objective” pancreatic findings (types I and II) and of presumptive type III. Gastrointest Endosc2004;59:670. CrossRef

99. WehrmannT, ZipfA, CasparyWF, et al.Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in “idiopathic” recurrent pancreatitis. Dtsch Med Wochenschr1996;121:781. CrossRef

100. CottonPB, DurkalskiV, RomagnuoloJ, et al.Effect of endoscopic sphincterotomy for suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction on pain‐related disability following cholecystectomy. JAMA2014;311:2101. CrossRef

101. CoyleWJ, PineauBC, TarnaskyPR, et al.Evaluation of unexplained acute and acute recurrent pancreatitis using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, sphincter of Oddi manometry and endoscopic ultrasound. Endoscopy2002;34:617. CrossRef

102. ShermanS, JamidarP, ReberH. Idiopathic acute pancreatitis: endoscopic approach to diagnosis and therapy. Am J Gastroenterol1993;88:A1541.

103. GeenenJE, NashJA. The role of sphincter of Oddi manometry and biliary microscopy in evaluating idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis. Endoscopy1998;30:A237.

104. ToouliJ, Roberts‐ThomsonIC, DentJ, et al.Sphincter of Oddi motility disorders in patients with idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis. Br J Surg1985;72:859. CrossRef

105. FischerM, HassanA, SipeBW, et al.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and manometry findings in 1,241 idiopathic pancreatitis patients. Pancreatology2010;10:444. CrossRef

106. GuelrudM, MendozaS, VieraL. Idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis and hypercontractile sphincter of Oddi. Treatment with endoscopic sphincterotomy and pancreatic duct dilation. Gastroenterology1986;90:A1443.

107. StoneJ, HoganWJ, GeenenJE, et al.Acute recurrent pancreatitis: the role of sphincter of Oddi manometry in predicting long‐term benefit of therapy. Gastroenterology1988;94:A446.

108. CatalanoMF, SivakMV, FalkGW, et al.Idiopathic pancreatitis: diagnostic role of sphincter of Oddi manometry and response to endoscopic sphincterotomy. Gastrointest Endosc1993;39:A310. CrossRef

109. GuelrudM, PlazJ, MendozaS. Endoscopic treatment in type II pancreatic sphincter dysfunction. Gastroenterology1986;90:AB1443.

110. CoteGA, ImperialeTF, SchmidtSE, et al.Similar efficacies of biliary, with or without pancreatic sphincterotomy in treatment of idiopathic recurrent acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology2012;143:1502. CrossRef

111. OkazakiK, YamamotoY, KagiyamaS, et al.Pressure of papillary sphincter zone and pancreatic main duct in patients with chronic pancreatitis in the early stage. Scand J Gastroenterol1988;23:501. CrossRef

112. NovisBH, BornmanPC, GirdwoodAW, et al.Endoscopic manometry of the pancreatic duct and sphincter zone in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci1985;30:225. CrossRef

113. VestergaardH, KruseA, RokkjaerM, et al.Endoscopic manometry of the sphincter of Oddi and the pancreatic and biliary ducts in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol1994;29:188. CrossRef

114. LaugierR. Dynamic endoscopic manometry of the response to secretin in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Endoscopy1994;26:222. CrossRef

115. OkazakiK, YamamotoY, ItoK. Endoscopic measurement of papillary sphincter zone and pancreatic main ductal pressure in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology1986;91:409.

116. TarnaskyPR, HoffmanB, AabakkenL, et al.Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is associated with chronic pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol1997;92:1125.

117. KozarekRA. Balloon dilation of the sphincter of Oddi. Endoscopy1988;20(Suppl 1):207. CrossRef

118. GoffJS. Common bile duct sphincter of Oddi stenting in patients with suspected sphincter dysfunction. Am J Gastroenterol1995;90:586.

119. PasrichaPJ, MiskovskyEP, KallooAN. Intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin for suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gut1994;35:1319. CrossRef

120. WehrmannT, SeifertH, SeippM, et al.Endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin for biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Endoscopy1998;30:702. CrossRef

121. GorelickA, BarnettJ, CheyW, et al.Botulinum toxin injection after biliary sphincterotomy. Endoscopy2004;36:170. CrossRef

122. RolnyP, AnderbergB, IhseI, et al.Pancreatitis after sphincter of Oddi manometry. Gut1990;31:821. CrossRef

123. BeltzS, SarkarA, LorenDE, et al.Risk stratification for the development of post‐ERCP pancreatitis by sphincter of Oddi dysfunction classification. South Med J2013;106:298. CrossRef

124. WehrmannT, SchmittT, SchonfeldA, et al.Endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry with a portable electronic microtransducer system: comparison with the perfusion manometry method and routine clinical application. Endoscopy2000;32:444. CrossRef

125. WehrmannT, StergiouN, SchmittT, et al.Reduced risk for pancreatitis after endoscopic microtransducer manometry of the sphincter of Oddi: a randomized comparison with the perfusion manometry technique. Endoscopy2003;35:472. CrossRef

126. FrenzMB, WehrmannT. Solid state biliary manometry catheter: impact on diagnosis and post‐study pancreatitis. Curr Gastroenterol Rep2007;9:171. CrossRef

127. TarnaskyPR, PaleschYY, CunninghamJT, et al.Pancreatic stenting prevents pancreatitis after biliary sphincterotomy in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastroenterology1998;115:1518. CrossRef

128. CottonPB, HawesRH. Botulinum toxin injection after biliary sphincterotomy. Endoscopy2004;36:744. CrossRef

129. GottliebK, NowakT, ShermanS, et al.Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and abnormal small bowel motility: analysis of 32 patients. Gastrointest Endosc1994;40:A109. CrossRef

130. EvansPR, BakYT, DowsettJF, et al.Small bowel motor dysfunction occurs in patients with biliary dyskinesia. Gastroenterology1994;106:A496.

131. KoussayerT, DuckerTE, ClenchMH, et al.Ampulla of Vater/duodenal wall spasm diagnosed by antroduodenal manometry. Dig Dis Sci1995;40:1710. CrossRef

132. DesautelsSG, SlivkaA, HutsonWR, et al.Postcholecystectomy pain syndrome: pathophysiology of abdominal pain in sphincter of Oddi type III. Gastroenterology1999;116:900. CrossRef

133. ChunA, DesautelsS, SlivkaA, et al.Visceral algesia in irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, type III. Dig Dis Sci1999;44:631. CrossRef

134. ManoukianAV, SchmalzMJ, GeenenJE, et al.The incidence of post‐sphincterotomy stenosis in group II patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Gastrointest Endosc1993;39:496. CrossRef

135. EversmanD, FogelE, PhillipsS, et al.Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: longterm outcome of biliary sphincterotomy correlated with abnormal biliary and pancreatic sphincters. Gastrointest Endosc1999;49:AB78.

136. SofferEE, JohlinFC. Intestinal dysmotility in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. A reason for failed response to sphincterotomy. Dig Dis Sci1994;39:1942. CrossRef

137. EltonE, HowellDA, ParsonsWG, et al.Endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy: indications, outcome, and a safe stentless technique. Gastrointest Endosc1998;47:240. CrossRef

138. OkoloPI3rd, PasrichaPJ, KallooAN. What are the long‐term results of endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy?Gastrointest Endosc2000;52:15. CrossRef

139. BradleyVD, NebelOT. Clinical evaluation of sphincter of Oddi manometry. Gastrointest Endosc1977;24:27. CrossRef